Revolutionizing Maize Production: Breakthrough Technologies and Methods for Developing Transgenic and Quality Protein Varieties

Author(s) : Ali Abbas1 , Rao Muhammad Samran Gul2, Atique Ur Rehman3, Taimoor Ali4, Zoya Batool Naqvi2, Muhammad Aneeq Ur Rahman3, Qurban Ali5, Muhammad Shahjahan Bukhari6*

Digital object identifier:

https://doi.org/10.52587/JAF050102

Abstract:

Maize is a multi-purpose crop known to be affected by multiple stresses, with intensified impact due to climate change which may pose a threat to global food security. Genetic Engineering provide solution for incorporating resistance and quality related transgenes may provide sustainable yield and overcome hidden hunger under various environmental conditions. Improving the transformation efficiency to achieve various breeding goals of maize is crucial. In this regard, recent articles about plant transformation technologies for the development of maize transgenic lines was reviewed. New breakthrough technologies with improved transgenic efficiency, identification of transgenes to develop biofortified maize varieties provide new resilience for food security. Genetic modification could be induced by protoplast transformation and particle bombardment. Furthermore, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, targeted genome editing and nanoparticle delivery could enhance maize transformation methods. A thorough understanding of maize genetics, specifically the role of the Opaque-2 gene in protein quality, is essential for producing high-quality protein maize. Breeding programs need to choose optimal parents with sought-after traits and evaluate genetic variation to enhance crop production. The progress in maize transformation technology has the potential to increase maize production, productivity, and quality, which will be advantageous for both farmers and consumers.