Overview of Fusarium Oxysporum f. Sp. Vasinfectum Causing Okra Wilt and its Management

Author(s) : Lubna Shehzadi, Sara Anum, Muhammad Asif Shabbir, Ashara Sajid, Moazzma Anwar, Muhammad Awais Fareed, Hafiz Muhammad Usman

Digital object identifier:

https://doi.org/10.52587/JAF060106

Abstract:

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is susceptible to various diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, nematodes, and viruses, with fungal pathogens being the most destructive. One of the most destructive pathogens is Fusarium oxysporum, a soil-borne fungus responsible for causing wilt in okra and other vegetables. In Pakistan, okra wilt is widely distributed and poses a significant threat to crop production. Both chemical and non-chemical control strategies have been explored to manage this disease. Morphological and microscopic examination of the isolated fungus revealed the colony characteristics of typical F. oxysporum, including white, cottony, circular colonies and the presence of macroconidia. In vitro experiments were conducted using three fungicides, e.g., Topsin-M, Mutagen, and Carbendazim, to assess their efficacy against F. oxysporum. Trichoderma spp. was employed as a biocontrol agent, offering a promising eco-friendly alternative for disease management and demonstrating the ability to suppress the pathogen effectively. It is further recommended that optimal concentrations of the tested fungicides be determined to enhance their practical application and minimize environmental impact.